How Cold Weather Affects Multiple Sclerosis: What You Should Know

Why Cold Weather Can Worsen MS Symptoms

Although every person with MS is different, many report that cold temperatures can intensify certain symptoms. Here are a few reasons why:

1. Muscle Spasticity Can Increase

Cold environments can cause muscles to tighten naturally, but for individuals with MS—particularly those who already experience spasticity—the effect can be more pronounced. Stiff, tight muscles may become harder to move, affecting mobility and comfort.

2. Nerve Conduction Slows

MS affects the protective myelin coating around nerves. When temperatures drop, nerve conduction can become even less efficient. This may lead to:

• Increased numbness or tingling

• Reduced dexterity

• Worsened balance

3. Pain Sensitivity May Rise

Cold weather can heighten pain sensitivity in general. For those with MS-related neuropathic pain, colder temperatures may exacerbate discomfort.

4. Fatigue Can Feel More Intense

Winter often brings changes in sunlight exposure, activity levels, and mood. These factors can compound MS-related fatigue, making daily activities feel more difficult.

Tips for Managing MS in Cold Weather

Fortunately, there are steps you can take to minimize the impact of cold temperatures:

Dress in Layers

Covering hands, feet, and legs can help maintain muscle warmth and reduce stiffness. Consider moisture-wicking inner layers to prevent dampness from sweat or snow.

Warm Up Before Activities

Before going outside or engaging in winter activities, gently warm up your muscles. Light stretching or a short walk indoors can help ease stiffness.

Use Heat Packs Wisely

Targeted heat—such as warm compresses or heating pads—can relax tense muscles. Just be cautious with direct heat to avoid burns, especially if you experience reduced sensation.

Stay Active Indoors

Maintaining movement inside, whether through stretching, yoga, or household exercises, helps circulation and keeps joints and muscles more flexible.

Monitor Stress and Fatigue

Colder months can affect mood and energy. Prioritizing sleep, staying connected socially, and maintaining a routine can prevent winter fatigue from compounding MS symptoms.

When to Seek Support

If cold weather significantly worsens your symptoms or you experience new challenges, it may be time to talk with your neurologist or MS specialist. Symptom management is highly individualized, and adjustments in medications, physical therapy, or care strategies can make a meaningful difference.

DCND is a Certified MS Center by the National MS Society, and our providers are here to help with any symptom management you may need.